Originally Aired - Thursday, March 16 • 2:15 PM - 3:00 PM
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Location: S230
Title: Reducing Energy Consumption in Fluid Power Systems
Description:
Session Code: R8
While a great deal of effort is being made to produce more efficient compressors, pumps and motors, there has not been enough attention given to providing more efficient systems. The new Floating Cup pumps developed by INNAS DV have overall efficiencies of better than 95%, but when dumping flow across a relief valve, the system is 100% inefficient. Efficient components do not guarantee an efficient system.
An advantage of open loop fluid power systems is the ability to have a single power source supply multiple actuators, each with different flow and pressure requirements. However, there is an energy downside: the power source must be able to provide pressure to satisfy the most demanding actuator requirements. This means the power source will always be producing more power than can be used by the actuators. In its simplest form, a fixed displacement pump providing flow to a fixed displacement motor will always have a higher pressure at its outlet then what is required at the motor, even if there is no velocity control. Flow is always in the direction of lower pressure. So, to get flow from the pump to the motor, there must be some pressure differential to account for the line loss through the conductors. It is rightly accepted as the necessary cost of transferring power through a fluid.
When there is the need for velocity control of a variety of actuators operating at different pressures, the energy loss is compounded. The outlet of the pump will have to see a pressure that is greater than the highest pressure demand of the actuators. If actuators with lower pressure requirements are exposed to this higher pressure, they will accelerate and go too fast. Some type of flow control is required to reduce the energy getting to the actuators.
Systems using gas charged accumulators, fixed displacement, pressure compensated, or load sensing pumps that are the source for multiple actuators share the same root problem, although to different degrees. All the outlets must have more pressure than is required by the actuators and the excess energy must be dissipated to control velocity.
This presentation will explore some alternative methods of velocity and pressure control that cause fluid power motors and/or cylinders to draw only the energy needed for the work being done, regardless of the pressure at the pump outlet or the accumulator.
The presentation will include:
• Fixed Displacement Power Control (FDPC).
• Variable Displacement Power Control (VDPC).
• Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM).
• Circuits diagrams using these methods.
• Energy comparisons.
• Compare the VDPC to the new electrohydraulic systems.
Type: IFPE
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